Question Bank — Reproductive Health

NCERT Class 12 Biology · Chapter 3 · CBSE Board Pattern

Class 12 Biology Chapter 3 Question Bank CBSE Board Pattern

Section A — MCQs (1 mark each)

  1. According to WHO, reproductive health means total well-being in which of the following aspects?
    (a) Physical only
    (b) Emotional and behavioural only
    (c) Physical, emotional, behavioural and social
    (d) Social only

  2. The ‘family planning’ programmes in India were initiated in which year?
    (a) 1947 (b) 1951 (c) 1971 (d) 2011

  3. Which of the following is a copper-releasing IUD?
    (a) Lippes loop (b) Progestasert (c) CuT (d) LNG-20

  4. Saheli is a contraceptive that is taken:
    (a) Daily (b) Once a week (c) Once a month (d) Once in three months

  5. Assertion (A): Lactational amenorrhea is effective only up to a maximum of six months following parturition.
    Reason (R): Ovulation does not occur during the period of intense lactation.
    (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
    (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
    (c) A is true but R is false.
    (d) A is false but R is true.

  6. Assertion (A): Amniocentesis is banned for sex determination in India.
    Reason (R): It is being misused for female foeticide.
    (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
    (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
    (c) A is true but R is false.
    (d) A is false but R is true.

  7. Which contraceptive method involves removal of a small part of vas deferens?
    (a) Tubectomy (b) Vasectomy (c) IUD (d) Barrier method

  8. The Medical Termination of Pregnancy (Amendment) Act, 2017 permits termination of pregnancy up to how many weeks with the opinion of two registered medical practitioners?
    (a) 12 weeks (b) 20 weeks (c) 24 weeks (d) 28 weeks

  9. Which of the following STIs is not completely curable?
    (a) Gonorrhoea (b) Syphilis (c) HIV (d) Chlamydiasis

  10. GIFT stands for:
    (a) Gamete Intra Fallopian Transfer (b) Zygote Intra Fallopian Transfer
    (c) Intra Uterine Transfer (d) Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection

Section B — Very Short Answer (2 marks each)

  1. Define reproductive health as per WHO.
  2. Name any two programmes implemented under Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) care.
  3. State two advantages of using condoms.
  4. What is the significance of the slogan “Hum Do Hamare Do”?
  5. List any two early symptoms of STIs.
  6. Why is removal of gonads not considered a contraceptive option?

Section C — Short Answer (3 marks each)

  1. Explain any three natural methods of contraception.
  2. Differentiate between vasectomy and tubectomy.
  3. State the grounds on which pregnancy may be terminated under the MTP Amendment Act, 2017.
  4. Why are barrier methods of contraception considered safe? Mention two examples.
  5. List any three complications that may arise if STIs are not detected and treated early.

Section D — Long Answer (5 marks each)

  1. Describe the various contraceptive methods grouped under barrier, IUDs, oral contraceptives and surgical methods. Explain the mode of action of any two IUDs. (Include a labelled diagram description of Copper T or condom.)
  2. What is population explosion? State the probable reasons for the rapid increase in India’s population. Suggest measures taken by the government to check it.
  3. Explain the various assisted reproductive technologies (ART) available to help infertile couples. Why are these techniques not accessible to all?

Section E — Case/Source-Based (4 marks each)

Case 1

A 25-year-old woman with two children visits a health centre. The doctor advises her about spacing the next child and suggests an IUD. She is also counselled about safe sexual practices and the importance of breast feeding.

(i) Which category of contraceptive is an IUD?
(ii) Name one non-medicated and one hormone-releasing IUD.
(iii) State two ways in which IUDs prevent conception.
(iv) How does complete lactation act as a natural contraceptive?

Case 2

A couple is unable to conceive after two years of unprotected cohabitation. They approach an infertility clinic where the doctor explains options like IVF followed by embryo transfer.

(i) What is infertility?
(ii) Name the technique popularly known as the ‘test-tube baby’ programme.
(iii) Differentiate between ZIFT and IUT.
(iv) What is the role of artificial insemination (AI) in treating infertility?

▶ Answer Key Attempt all questions first,
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Section A

  1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (a) 6. (a) 7. (b) 8. (c) 9. (c) 10. (a)

Section B

  1. Total well-being in physical, emotional, behavioural and social aspects of reproduction (1 mark definition, 1 mark WHO reference).
  2. Creating awareness, providing medical facilities for pregnancy/delivery/STDs/infertility (any two, 1 mark each).
  3. Prevent STIs/AIDS + prevent conception (1 mark each).
  4. Motivates smaller families / two-child norm (2 marks).
  5. Itching, fluid discharge, slight pain, swellings in genital region (any two, 1 mark each).
  6. It is a terminal method, irreversible and affects hormonal balance/sexual life (2 marks).

Section C

  1. Periodic abstinence (day 10–17), withdrawal/coitus interruptus, lactational amenorrhea (1 mark each with brief explanation).
  2. Vasectomy: small part of vas deferens removed/tied (male); Tubectomy: small part of fallopian tube removed/tied (female) (3 marks with points).
  3. Risk to mother’s life/health or substantial risk of serious handicap to child (3 marks).
  4. Prevent physical meeting of ovum and sperm; examples: condoms, diaphragms, cervical caps (1+1+1).
  5. PID, ectopic pregnancy, infertility, still birth, cancer of reproductive tract (any three, 1 mark each).

Section D

  1. Detailed description of each category with mode of action of CuT (Cu ions suppress sperm motility) and hormone-releasing IUDs (make uterus unsuitable) + diagram points for Copper T/condom (5 marks distributed).
  2. Definition + reasons (decline in death rate, MMR, IMR, increase in reproductive age population) + government measures (RCH, contraceptives, marriage age, incentives) (5 marks).
  3. IVF-ET, ZIFT, IUT, GIFT, ICSI, AI/IUI explained + high cost, limited centres, emotional/religious factors (5 marks).

Section E

Case 1

(i) Intra Uterine Device (1)
(ii) Lippes loop; Progestasert/LNG-20 (1)
(iii) Increase phagocytosis of sperms, Cu ions suppress motility, make uterus/cervix hostile (any two, 1 mark)
(iv) Ovulation does not occur during intense lactation (1)

Case 2

(i) Inability to produce children after unprotected cohabitation (1)
(ii) IVF-ET / Test tube baby programme (1)
(iii) ZIFT: zygote/early embryo (≤8 blastomeres) into fallopian tube; IUT: embryo (>8 blastomeres) into uterus (1)
(iv) Semen from husband/donor introduced into vagina or uterus (IUI) (1)

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All questions are answerable from the NCERT chapter text. Reviewed by GFIS faculty.