Question Bank — Locomotion and Movement

QUESTION BANK

Chapter: Locomotion and Movement (Class 11 Biology – NCERT)

Section A — MCQs (10 questions, 1 mark each)

1. Which of the following movements is facilitated by ciliary movement in the human body?
   (a) Movement of leucocytes
   (b) Passage of ova through the female reproductive tract
   (c) Contraction of cardiac muscle
   (d) Locomotion in Amoeba

2. The functional unit of contraction in a skeletal muscle is:
   (a) Myofibril
   (b) Sarcomere
   (c) Motor unit
   (d) Fascicle

3. Assertion (A): Cardiac muscles are striated but involuntary in nature.
   Reason (R): Cardiac muscles are not under the direct control of the nervous system and show branching pattern.
   (1) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
   (2) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
   (3) A is true but R is false.
   (4) A is false but R is true.

4. The central part of the thick filament in a sarcomere that is not overlapped by thin filaments in the resting state is called:
   (a) I-band
   (b) Z-line
   (c) H-zone
   (d) M-line

5. Which protein masks the active binding sites for myosin on actin filaments in the resting state?
   (a) Tropomyosin
   (b) Troponin
   (c) Meromyosin
   (d) Myoglobin

6. Assertion (A): Red fibres can perform sustained work for longer duration without fatigue.
   Reason (R): Red fibres contain high amount of myoglobin and numerous mitochondria.
   (1) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
   (2) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
   (3) A is true but R is false.
   (4) A is false but R is true.

7. The number of floating ribs in the human body is:
   (a) 2 pairs
   (b) 3 pairs
   (c) 7 pairs
   (d) 12 pairs

8. The joint between the atlas and axis vertebrae is an example of:
   (a) Hinge joint
   (b) Pivot joint
   (c) Ball and socket joint
   (d) Gliding joint

9. Which of the following is a characteristic feature of visceral muscles?
   (a) Striated appearance and voluntary control
   (b) Non-striated appearance and involuntary control
   (c) Branched fibres with intercalated discs
   (d) High myoglobin content

10. The total number of bones in the human axial skeleton is:
    (a) 80
    (b) 126
    (c) 206
    (d) 120

Section B — Very Short Answer (6 questions, 2 marks each)

1. Differentiate between amoeboid movement and muscular movement with one example of each.
2. What is a motor unit? State its significance.
3. Name the two types of muscle fibres based on myoglobin content. Give one difference between them.
4. What are the functions of the vertebral column?
5. Define neuromuscular junction. Name the neurotransmitter released at this junction.
6. Write any two differences between pectoral and pelvic girdle.

Section C — Short Answer (5 questions, 3 marks each)

1. Describe the structure of a sarcomere with the help of a labelled diagram.
2. Explain the role of calcium ions in muscle contraction.
3. Differentiate between fibrous joints and synovial joints with one example of each.
4. List the bones of the forelimb and hindlimb in humans.
5. What are the causes and symptoms of myasthenia gravis and osteoporosis?

Section D — Long Answer (3 questions, 5 marks each)

1. Describe the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction. Explain the role of ATP and calcium ions in the process.
2. Draw a neat labelled diagram of the human skull and describe its major parts. Mention the number of bones in the cranium and facial region.
3. Describe the structure and functions of the three types of muscles found in the human body. How are they classified on the basis of location and control?

Section E — Case/Source-Based (2 questions, 4 marks each)

Case 1

During a marathon, an athlete experiences muscle fatigue after prolonged activity. The coach explains that repeated stimulation leads to accumulation of lactic acid due to anaerobic breakdown of glycogen. The athlete also has muscles rich in a red-coloured pigment that stores oxygen.

1. Name the pigment present in red fibres that stores oxygen.
2. Why do red fibres fatigue less easily than white fibres?
3. What is the cause of muscle fatigue mentioned in the case?
4. Name the two types of muscles on the basis of myoglobin content and state one structural difference.

Case 2

A 60-year-old woman complains of frequent fractures even after minor falls. The doctor diagnoses an age-related disorder caused by decreased bone mass and lowered estrogen levels. She is also advised to avoid accumulation of uric acid crystals that can cause joint inflammation.

1. Name the disorder characterised by decreased bone mass and increased fracture risk.
2. What is the common hormonal cause of this disorder in women?
3. Name the condition caused by accumulation of uric acid crystals in joints.
4. Suggest one more disorder of the skeletal system mentioned in the chapter that involves inflammation of joints.